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The sky on July 21, 1998 — as it really was

That day the Sun stood in Cancer — sign and constellation agree here.

РЫБЫОВЕНТЕЛЕЦБЛИЗНЕЦЫРАКЛЕВДЕВАВЕСЫСКОРПИОНЗМЕЕНОСЕЦСТРЕЛЕЦКОЗЕРОГВОДОЛЕЙ ♈︎♉︎♊︎♋︎♌︎♍︎♎︎♏︎♐︎♑︎♒︎♓︎ ♄–♀ 59.2°♄–☽ 59.4°☉–♃ 120.5° ♄︎3° ♀︎2° ☽︎2° ♂︎10° ☉︎28° ☿︎24° ♃︎28°

Bodies on the ecliptic (noon UTC)

  • ☉︎ Sun — 118.5° · sign Cancer · constellation Cancer
  • ☽︎ Moon — 92.5° · sign Cancer · constellation Orion
  • ☿︎ Mercury — 144.7° · sign Leo · constellation Leo
  • ♀︎ Venus — 92.2° · sign Cancer · constellation Gemini
  • ♂︎ Mars — 100.2° · sign Cancer · constellation Gemini
  • ♃︎ Jupiter — 358.0° · sign Pisces · constellation Pisces
  • ♄︎ Saturn — 33.1° · sign Taurus · constellation Cetus
  • ☽︎ Moon 5% illuminated

astronomy-engine ephemerides (VSOP87/ELP), IAU 1930 constellation boundaries. Positions accurate to a fraction of a degree.

The day’s dossier, from real data

Checkable facts with a tag and a source; the classical reading is in the chart.

  1. The Moon that day [EXACT]

    waning crescent, 5% lit; the Moon was 376,461 km away.

    astronomy-engine
  2. How far Earth has travelled since [EXACT]

    28.2 orbits of the Sun — 26,507 million km, that is 34,479 return trips to the Moon; 10,302 rotations of Earth; with the Sun — 204.7 billion km around the Galactic centre, 7.9 light-days.

    29.78 km/s along the orbit; 230 km/s around the Galactic centre
  3. Mars then and now [EXACT]

    On that day Mars was 374 million km away; today it is 245 million km (closer by 1.5×).

    astronomy-engine; checked against JPL Horizons for 2026-09-14
  4. Solar cycle [ESTIMATE]

    That day fell in solar cycle 23, right at the minimum (16% through the cycle).

    SILSO smoothed minima
  5. When the sky repeats [EXACT]

    Mars returns to that day’s point of its orbit on October 7, 2026; Jupiter — in 2034.

    sidereal periods: Mars 686.98 d, Jupiter 11.862 yr
  6. How far the sky has drifted since [EXACT]

    The vernal point has shifted 1,404″ since that day; the real constellations now sit 23.8° away from the astrologers’ “signs”.

    precession 50.29″/yr
  7. Picture of the day [EXACT]

    NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day for this date: apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap980721.html

    NASA APOD

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