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The sky on December 21, 1942 — as it really was

That day the Sun stood in Sagittarius — sign and constellation agree here.

РЫБЫОВЕНТЕЛЕЦБЛИЗНЕЦЫРАКЛЕВДЕВАВЕСЫСКОРПИОНЗМЕЕНОСЕЦСТРЕЛЕЦКОЗЕРОГВОДОЛЕЙ ♈︎♉︎♊︎♋︎♌︎♍︎♎︎♏︎♐︎♑︎♒︎♓︎ ♄︎7° ☽︎16° ♃︎22° ♂︎4° ☉︎28° ♀︎7° ☿︎10°

Bodies on the ecliptic (noon UTC)

  • ☉︎ Sun — 269.0° · sign Sagittarius · constellation Sagittarius
  • ☽︎ Moon — 76.7° · sign Gemini · constellation Taurus
  • ☿︎ Mercury — 280.4° · sign Capricorn · constellation Sagittarius
  • ♀︎ Venus — 277.5° · sign Capricorn · constellation Sagittarius
  • ♂︎ Mars — 244.1° · sign Sagittarius · constellation Scorpius
  • ♃︎ Jupiter — 112.9° · sign Cancer · constellation Gemini
  • ♄︎ Saturn — 67.5° · sign Gemini · constellation Taurus
  • ☽︎ Moon 99% illuminated

astronomy-engine ephemerides (VSOP87/ELP), IAU 1930 constellation boundaries. Positions accurate to a fraction of a degree.

The day’s dossier, from real data

Checkable facts with a tag and a source; the classical reading is in the chart.

  1. The Moon that day [EXACT]

    full moon, 99% lit; the Moon was 404,473 km away.

    astronomy-engine
  2. How far Earth has travelled since [EXACT]

    83.8 orbits of the Sun — 78,742 million km, that is 102,421 return trips to the Moon; 30,603 rotations of Earth; with the Sun — 608.1 billion km around the Galactic centre, 23.5 light-days.

    29.78 km/s along the orbit; 230 km/s around the Galactic centre
  3. Mars then and now [EXACT]

    On that day Mars was 357 million km away; today it is 245 million km (closer by 1.5×).

    astronomy-engine; checked against JPL Horizons for 2026-09-14
  4. When the sky repeats [EXACT]

    Mars returns to that day’s point of its orbit on August 11, 2027; Jupiter — in 2037; a full moon exactly on this date — December 20, 2029

    sidereal periods: Mars 686.98 d, Jupiter 11.862 yr
  5. How far the sky has drifted since [EXACT]

    The vernal point has shifted 4,212″ since that day; the real constellations now sit 23.1° away from the astrologers’ “signs”.

    precession 50.29″/yr

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