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The sky on December 20, 1938 — as it really was

That day the Sun stood in Sagittarius — sign and constellation agree here.

РЫБЫОВЕНТЕЛЕЦБЛИЗНЕЦЫРАКЛЕВДЕВАВЕСЫСКОРПИОНЗМЕЕНОСЕЦСТРЕЛЕЦКОЗЕРОГВОДОЛЕЙ ♈︎♉︎♊︎♋︎♌︎♍︎♎︎♏︎♐︎♑︎♒︎♓︎ ♄–☽ 117.2°☉–♃ 60.4° ♄︎11° ♂︎5° ♀︎21° ☽︎14° ☿︎14° ☉︎27° ♃︎28°

Bodies on the ecliptic (noon UTC)

  • ☉︎ Sun — 268.0° · sign Sagittarius · constellation Sagittarius
  • ☽︎ Moon — 254.0° · sign Sagittarius · constellation Ophiuchus
  • ☿︎ Mercury — 254.8° · sign Sagittarius · constellation Ophiuchus
  • ♀︎ Venus — 231.4° · sign Scorpio · constellation Libra
  • ♂︎ Mars — 215.3° · sign Scorpio · constellation Virgo
  • ♃︎ Jupiter — 328.3° · sign Aquarius · constellation Aquarius
  • ♄︎ Saturn — 11.3° · sign Aries · constellation Cetus
  • ☽︎ Moon 2% illuminated

astronomy-engine ephemerides (VSOP87/ELP), IAU 1930 constellation boundaries. Positions accurate to a fraction of a degree.

The day’s dossier, from real data

Checkable facts with a tag and a source; the classical reading is in the chart.

  1. The Moon that day [EXACT]

    new moon, 2% lit; the Moon was 400,067 km away.

    astronomy-engine
  2. How far Earth has travelled since [EXACT]

    87.8 orbits of the Sun — 82,508 million km, that is 107,320 return trips to the Moon; 32,067 rotations of Earth; with the Sun — 637.2 billion km around the Galactic centre, 24.6 light-days.

    29.78 km/s along the orbit; 230 km/s around the Galactic centre
  3. Mars then and now [EXACT]

    On that day Mars was 305 million km away; today it is 244 million km (closer by 1.3×).

    astronomy-engine; checked against JPL Horizons for 2026-09-14
  4. When the sky repeats [EXACT]

    Mars returns to that day’s point of its orbit on May 15, 2027; Jupiter — in 2033; a full moon exactly on this date — December 20, 2048

    sidereal periods: Mars 686.98 d, Jupiter 11.862 yr
  5. How far the sky has drifted since [EXACT]

    The vernal point has shifted 4,392″ since that day; the real constellations now sit 23° away from the astrologers’ “signs”.

    precession 50.29″/yr

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